The modern telephone is the result of the work of many people. The master telephone patent granted to Bell, 174465, March 10, 1876 An example of one such company was the Pulsion Telephone Supply Company created by Lemuel Mellett in Massachusetts, which designed its version in 1888 and deployed it on railroad right-of-ways.Īdditionally, speaking tubes have long been common, especially within buildings and aboard ships, and they are still in use today. When the Bell telephone patents expired and many new telephone manufacturers began competing, acoustic telephone makers quickly went out of business. įor a few years in the late 1800s, acoustic telephones were marketed commercially as a competitor to the electrical telephone. The gourd and stretched-hide version resides in the Smithsonian Museum collection and dates back to around the 7th century AD. An early version was also found in use by the Chimu in Peru. An acoustic string phone made in 1667 has been attributed to him. Some of the earliest known experiments were conducted by the British physicist and polymath, Robert Hooke, from 1664 to 1685. The classic example is the children's toy made by connecting the bottoms of two paper cups, metal cans, or plastic bottles with tautly held string. It connects two diaphragms with a taut string or wire, which transmits sound by mechanical vibrations from one to the other along the wire (and not by a modulated electric current). The acoustic tin can telephone, or "lovers' phone", has been known for centuries. The earliest mechanical telephones were based on sound transmission through pipes or other physical media. This distance was greater than that of normal direct speech. A 19th century acoustic tin can or "lovers' telephone"īefore the invention of electromagnetic telephones, mechanical acoustic devices existed for transmitting speech and music over a greater distance.
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